Reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common condition that affects up to 20% of adults weekly. It occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn, indigestion, and discomfort. For those who suffer from reflux, dietary changes can play a significant role in managing symptoms. Knowing which foods to avoid can help minimize triggers and improve quality of life.

Foods to Avoid

Certain foods and beverages are known to aggravate reflux symptoms by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) or increasing acid production. Here are some common culprits:

1. Fatty Foods

High-fat foods slow digestion and relax the LES, making reflux more likely. Avoid:

• Fried foods like french fries and fried chicken

• High-fat meats such as bacon and sausage

2. Acidic Foods

These foods can irritate the esophagus and worsen symptoms. Avoid:

• Citrus fruits (e.g., lemons, oranges)

• Tomato-based products, including sauces and ketchup

• Vinegar

3. Spicy Foods

Spicy ingredients can irritate the esophagus and exacerbate heartburn. Avoid:

• Chili powder

• Hot peppers

4. Chocolate

Chocolate contains caffeine and a compound called theobromine, which can relax the LES. Avoid:

• Chocolate bars and candies

• Chocolate-based drinks

5. Carbonated Beverages

Carbonation increases stomach pressure, which can push acid into the esophagus. Avoid:

• Soda

• Sparkling water

6. Alcohol

Alcohol relaxes the LES and stimulates acid production. Avoid or limit consumption.

7. Peppermint

While often used for digestive relief, peppermint can relax esophageal muscles and worsen reflux symptoms.

8. Caffeine

Coffee, tea, and other caffeinated beverages can aggravate reflux by increasing acid production.

9. Late-Night Snacks

Eating within two hours of bedtime can trigger reflux, as lying down makes it easier for acid to flow back up.

Dietary Adjustments

While avoiding trigger foods is essential, incorporating healthy eating habits can also reduce reflux symptoms:

• Opt for low-fat cooking methods such as grilling, baking, or steaming instead of frying.

• Eat smaller meals throughout the day rather than large ones to prevent overloading the stomach.

• Stay upright for at least two hours after eating to reduce the risk of acid reflux.

Why Do People Get Reflux?

Reflux can develop due to a combination of lifestyle, medical, structural, and genetic factors. Some common contributors include:

• Overeating or eating large meals

• Obesity

• Smoking

• Pregnancy

• Hiatal hernia (a condition where part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm)

Surgical Treatment for Reflux

For individuals with severe or persistent reflux unresponsive to lifestyle changes and medication, surgical treatment may be an option. Fundoplication is a minimally invasive procedure commonly used to treat reflux.

This reflux surgery involves wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the base of the esophagus to create a valve that prevents acid from flowing back up. If a hiatal hernia is present (as it often is), the hernia is repaired by repositioning the stomach and tightening the diaphragm opening.

Procedure Details:

• Performed laparoscopically (keyhole surgery)

• Takes approximately 2–2.5 hours

• Typically requires a hospital stay of two nights

If you’re struggling with reflux and dietary changes alone aren’t enough, Bay Surgery in Tauranga offers expert surgical solutions, including fundoplication. Their team provides comprehensive care to help you regain control of your health and well-being.

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